Supervising Offline Partial Evaluation of Logic Programs using Online Techniques

A major impediment for more widespread use of offline partial evaluation is the difficulty of obtaining and maintaining annotations for larger, realistic programs. Existing automatic binding-time analyses still only have limited applicability and annotations often have to be created or improved and maintained by hand, leading to errors. We present a technique to help overcome this problem by using online control techniques which supervise the specialisation process in order to help the development and maintenance of correct annotations by identifying errors. We discuss an implementation in the Logen system and show on a series of examples that this approach is effective: very few false alarms were raised while infinite loops were detected quickly. We also present the integration of this technique into a web interface, which highlights problematic annotations directly in the source code. A method to automatically fix incorrect annotations is presented, allowing the approach to be also used as a pragmatic binding time analysis. Finally we show how our method can be used for efficiently locating built-in errors in Prolog source code

The Ecce and Logen Partial Evaluators and their Web Interfaces

We present Ecce and Logen, two partial evaluators for Prolog using the online and offline approach respectively. We briefly present the foundations of these tools and discuss various applications. We also present new implementations of these tools, carried out in Ciao Prolog. In addition to a command-line interface new user-friendly web interfaces were developed. These enable non-expert users to specialise logic programs using a web browser, without the need for a local installation

No Procedural Justice, No Peace? Judgements of Police Legitimacy in ‘Real-time’ Interactions Captured on Camera - Registered Report Stage 1

‘Procedural justice’ has long been advocated as key to maintaining citizen trust in policing. However, there is very little work analysing how both citizens and police officers judge the four key procedural justice predictors of police legitimacy (participation and voice; fairness and neutrality; dignity and respect; conveying trustworthy motives) in real-life policing events. In a preregistered design, and using a corpus of 44 videos of police-citizen interactions in the United Kingdom, we analyse the way 353 citizens and 353 police officers judge police legitimacy in the interactions. The analysis consists of four initial crossed-random effects mixed-model designs (each testing one procedural justice behavioural predictor on citizen perceptions) and two robustness crossed-random effects mixed-model analyses that explore the impact of other relevant factors on both citizen and police judgements of legitimacy. This combination of pre-registration and ‘real-life’ behavioural data provides the platform for a rigorous test of the procedural justice model

The genome of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.

International audienceWe report the sequence and analysis of the 814-megabase genome of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, a model for developmental and systems biology. The sequencing strategy combined whole-genome shotgun and bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) sequences. This use of BAC clones, aided by a pooling strategy, overcame difficulties associated with high heterozygosity of the genome. The genome encodes about 23,300 genes, including many previously thought to be vertebrate innovations or known only outside the deuterostomes. This echinoderm genome provides an evolutionary outgroup for the chordates and yields insights into the evolution of deuterostomes